Basic farmland construction is a significant approach to increase the effective area of cultivated land, to improve the land quality, and to ensure an agricultural development. The black farmland in cold zone, as China’s major grain-producing area and an important commodity grain base, has a fertile soil and huge potential land productivity. However, the constraints from some natural conditions such as extreme coldness and permafrost, besides some unreasonable land use, harm the sustainable development of agriculture, largely related to sustainable use of black farmland and national crop security, which shall be aimed through basic farmland construction. This paper, based on a case study on basic farmland demonstration area in Hailun city, discusses the effective approaches of basic farmland construction, compares the demonstration area with general land consolidation projects, presents some technical methods including black soil conservation, anti-freezing injury, mudding controlling to provide references for basic farmland construction in this area.